The problem with dental plaque

After each meal, food debris get stuck between the interdental spaces of our teeth. If this debris is not removed, the bacteria present in the mouth release acids that attack the tooth enamel. Due to these acid producing bacteria, a sticky invisible film called plaque is formed. Plaque produces toxins that can lead to cavities in the tooth and also irritate the gums that surround the affected tooth. As a result, it leads to many serious oral infections and diseases that may need emergency dental care.

Tooth Decay

Tooth decay is a bacterial disease, which destroys the tooth enamel. If plaque is not removed, the bacteria in the plaque generates acids and enzymes. The hard and shiny tooth enamel turns brittle with a dull surface that appears yellowish. This yellowish chalk like appearance is known as a white spot or white lesion. The core structure of the tooth is made of calcium, covered by the enamel made of protein. The bacterial enzymes from plaque dissolve the protein and calcium, creating a hole in the tooth. This hole or tooth decay is called cavity. If the cavities are left untreated, they will become large and lead to a severe toothache. Furthermore, it can cause tooth sensitivity while consuming food.

Gingivitis

The initial stage of gum disease is known as gingivitis. It causes an inflammation in the gums caused due to plaque build-up. This can progress to affect the bone and gum tissue that surrounds and supports your teeth. If plaque is not removed, it produces toxins that can irritate the gum tissue. Gingivitis, if identified early, can be reversed with minimal damage to the bone and connective tissue. If it is not treated, you will experience redness or swollen gums which may bleed when you brush. Gingivitis can also advance into periodontitis and cause permanent damage to your teeth and jawbone. This level of damage to the teeth requires emergency dental care to bring relief to the inflamed gums.

Periodontitis

Periodontitis is an adverse stage of gum infection that damages the soft tissue and destroys the bone that supports your teeth. Periodontitis can result in loose and shaky teeth.

Chronic periodontitis involves slow deterioration of gum and teeth that may get worse over time. If left untreated, it may cause damage to the gums and bone tissue and lead to tooth loss. Therefore, you need emergency dental care to fix this oral problem.

The necrotizing periodontal disease is a severe gum infection caused due to lack of blood supply in the gums. It results in the death of gum tissue, nerves and blood vessels attached to the root, and dentin. This type generally occurs in people undergoing cancer treatment as they have a low immune system.

Dental plaque can be linked to various infections and diseases caused by microbes. Good oral hygiene and regular visits to your dentist can help you avoid oral problems caused due to dental plaque.